SFS Annual Meeting

5/20/2019  |   14:00 - 14:15   |  150 G

EFFICACY OF RESTORATION EFFORTS IN THE PROVO RIVER, UTAH WITH RESPECT TO AQUATIC INSECT DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE River restoration projects seek to alleviate the ecological disruption caused by river damming and channelization. They have been commonly implemented throughout North America and Europe with varied results. Based on the assumption that a diversity of habitat will promote macroinvertebrate diversity, restoration efforts are often focused on restoring habitat heterogeneity. From 1999-2008, the Utah Reclamation Mitigation and Conservation Commission implemented a large-scale restoration project on the Middle Provo River in Wasatch County, Utah, U.S.A. to improve the health of this Blue-Ribbon fishery. They restored a portion of the river that had been previously channelized for flood control to a historically determined meandering geomorphology. To understand the baseline aquatic insect diversity of the reconstructed section, macroinvertebrate samples were collected before and during the restoration project. Fifteen years later, we returned to these sampling sites to perform a follow up study and assess the long-term outcomes of the Provo River Restoration Project. By comparing species diversity and abundance from macroinvertebrate samples taken before and after completion of the restoration project, our results show that species diversity has not increased in the restored sites.

Jackson Birrell (Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Montana, jackson.birrell@umconnect.umt.edu;


Teagan Mulford (Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Brigham Young University, teaganmulford@gmail.com;


Jeff Andrus (Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Arizona, jeffreygandrus@gmail.com;


Dennis Shiozawa (Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Brigham Young University, dennis_shiozawa@byu.edu;


Riley Nelson (Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Brigham Young University, rileynelson@byu.edu;


Jared Meek (Primary Presenter/Author), Columbia University, jared.meek@gmail.com;


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5/20/2019  |   14:15 - 14:30   |  150 G

BIOTIC RESPONSES TO BEAVER DAM ANALOG INSTALLATION IN A LOW-GRADIENT, INCISED STREAM Beaver dam analogs (BDA) are used as a tool to restore degraded and incised streams. Biotic response of these structures are not fully understood, and post-treatment monitoring efforts are lacking. Biotic responses to physical habitat restoration are useful metrics of success for process-based stream restoration projects. We explore how community structure and the secondary production of macroinvertebrates are impacted due to changes in discharge, morphology, temperature, and sediment deposition from the instillation of BDAs in a low-gradient, low-order stream. We compared the production and functional-feeding groups of macroinvertebrates between naturally occurring beaver mediated, BDA, and reference riffle sites. Functional-feeding groups found at BDA sites were dissimilar to the reference sites, and shifted towards predator and collector-gatherer taxon found within the naturally occurring beaver mediated sites. Summer production estimates were highest for BDA sites, and lowest for the beaver mediated sites. This contradicts previous studies that showed beaver mediated sites to have higher levels of secondary production when compared to riffle sites on the same stream. These preliminary results highlight the need for post-treatment monitoring of restoration projects in order to ensure accurate biological responses to changes in ecosystem processes.

Holden Reinert (Primary Presenter/Author), Montana State University, jholdenreinert@gmail.com;


Lindsey Albertson (Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Montana State University , lindsey.albertson@montana.edu;


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5/20/2019  |   14:30 - 14:45   |  150 G

RESTORATION EFFECTS OF SEDIMENT SLUICING WITH DAM OPERATION ON MACROINVERTEBRATES IN THE MIMI RIVER, JAPAN Sediment regime is recognized to determine structure and function of river ecosystems, but natural sediment regime has been lost in many rivers with dams. Dam operation of sediment sluicing that reservoir drawdown to pass sediment-laden floods through the impoundment at a high velocity to minimize deposition and provide sediment downstream the dam expects to improve sediment regime in dammed rivers. The operation has been conducted at the Saigou and Ohuchibaru dams in the Mimi River since 2017. We have investigated the restoration effects of sediment supply by the dam sluicing on lotic community including macroinvertebrates. After dam sluicing operation, case-building caddisfly Glossosoma that was little before the operation increased in several sites downstream in the Saigou dam. This genus was reported to decline downstream dams probably due to lack of very fine gravel (particle size 2-4 mm) that is suitable for building case. Sediment supply by dam sluicing could recover Glossosoma population downstream the dam. On the other hand, Glossosoma was little downstream the Ohuchibaru dam even after the operation, probably because sediment provision was not sufficient there by only one operation.

Daisuke Nakano (Primary Presenter/Author), Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, d-nakano@criepi.denken.or.jp;


Junpei Suzuki (Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, jumpei@criepi.denken.or.jp;


Ryosuke Yamamoto (Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, r-yama@criepi.denken.or.jp;


Masahiro Imamura (Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, mima@criepi.denken.or.jp;


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5/20/2019  |   14:45 - 15:00   |  150 G

SANTA FE RIVER REHABILITATION, SANTA FE COUNTY, NEW MEXICO, USA ; GERALD Z. JACOBI, SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO The Santa Fe River, the lifeblood of the City of Santa Fe for over 400 years, had been neglected and treated poorly: in 2007 it was declared the most endangered river in the US by American Rivers. In recent years the City, in a high desert environment, has put considerable effort and funds into rehabilitating the riparian and instream habitat of the River. City growth and demand for water from upstream reservoirs resulted in low to no seasonal flows to portions of the river. In the past 15 years, domestic water consumption decreased by 40% while the City continued to grow. This conservation effort allows the City to bypass up to 1,233,000 cubic meters of water per year as part of its long range water supply plan. Enhancement of the river and it's watershed include rock grade control structures, bank sloping, and planting of native riparian vegetation. These plus rain gardens (road cuts) and a river trail have made the system more aesthetically pleasing and environmentally resilient to extremes in runoff.

Gerald Jacobi (Primary Presenter/Author), Jacobi and Associates, drsjacobi@q.com;


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5/20/2019  |   15:00 - 15:15   |  150 G

SEDIMENT REMOVAL IN RESTORED AGRICULTURAL WETLANDS IMPROVES WATER QUALITY Wetland restoration is a priority in the Prairie Pothole Region of the USA and Canada where historically most wetlands were drained for agriculture. Wetland restorations often include excavation to remove accumulated sediment, thus increasing water storage and exposing seed banks. We examined whether sediment excavation during restoration reduces soil and surface water nutrient content with analyses of 55 restored agricultural wetlands across west central Minnesota. Half of restored wetlands had hydrologic function restored by removing drainage tile and plugging drainage ditches (termed Business-As-Usual). For the other half, hydrology was restored and accumulated sediment was removed from the basin (Excavation treatment). Excavation significantly reduced soil and surface water nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Surface water dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphorus and soluble reactive phosphorus concentrations were lower at excavated compared to business-as-usual wetlands. Nitrate concentrations were consistently very low throughout the growing season and did not differ between treatments, suggesting that excavation does not influence the high capacity of restored wetlands to remove or assimilate inorganic nitrogen. Our results suggest that, while more costly, sediment excavation improves wetland restoration outcomes for water quality and promotes conditions for native species.

Jacques Finlay (Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Minnesota, jfinlay@umn.edu;


Sarah Winikoff (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Minnesota, wini0019@umn.edu;


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5/20/2019  |   15:15 - 15:30   |  150 G

RESILIENCE AND REGIME SHIFTS: NOVEL BENTHIC COMMUNITIES IMPEDE ECOLOGICAL RECOVERY IN A HISTORICALLY METAL-CONTAMINATED STREAM Novel communities resulting from exposure to anthropogenic stressors often persist in ecosystems that have experienced regime shifts. We report results of a long-term (28 year) observational study and a series of stream mesocosm to test the hypothesis that establishment of a novel, metal-tolerant macroinvertebrate community in a previously contaminated stream impeded recovery of sensitive species. Although abundance and species richness recovered following reductions in metal concentrations, we observed persistent changes in community composition and trophic structure downstream from a former source of metal contamination. These novel communities persisted, despite significant improvements in water quality over the last 20 years Mesocosm experiments conducted with reference and downstream communities demonstrated that novel communities retained their tolerance to metals but were significantly more sensitive to other stressors. In systems where restoration to pre-disturbance conditions is unlikely, a better understanding of the ecological resilience of novel communities may be critical for assessing the restoration success. We suggest that resilience to novel stressors is an important indicator of restoration effectiveness that may be applicable in other aquatic ecosystems.

William Clements (Primary Presenter/Author), Colorado State University, william.clements@colostate.edu;


Brian Wolff (Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Colorado State University, wolffba@gmail.com;


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